Rodallega http://www.scienceray.com//Rodallega. New posts by Rodallega Rudiments of Scientific Thoughts http://www.scienceray.com/Philosophy-of-Science/Rudiments-of-Scientific-Thoughts.127341 Science and technology has developed in the last 150 years and still continues to develop. In 150 years, many things have changed. Approaches to scientific thought and it's necessities, justification of the knowledge, consistency of gathered information over the years... All of them have changed but still there are some which have not been altered yet.

What are they? This is open to approaches, ideas and thoughts. I allege that, they are the methods that the scientists have used. To my opinion, the methods that scientists use have five basic characteristics.

  1. Behavior must be observable because only the observable behaviour can be measured. Observer must be able to clearly determine whether the behavior is occurring, count the occurrences of the behavior and time the duration of the behavior. Behaviors which have a discrete beginning and ending are the easiest to measure. Measurements and interpretations must be unambiguous.
  2. The methods and data must be objective. That is, the opinions of the experimenters must enter into the gathering and interpreting of data as little as possible. Besides objectiveness, data must be verifiable and clearly understandable. Data must be precisely defined.
  3. The procedures must be repeatable. Other individuals who wish to do the same experiment or expand upon the data must be able to do so. The level of repeatability changes by depending on the experiment.
  4. Scientists must be able to communicate the results to others. They often do this at scientific meetings or through articles in professional journals. In the advent of computer technology, all results spread over the world in just seconds.
  5. Experiments must use a systematic approach. This means that they must follow an orderly arrangement of procedures. They must stick to a fixed plan that they determine before starting the experiment. This rules out the likelihood of the fact that scientists approach the problem haphazardly. Thus, it enables and guarantees to find the correct results with an analytical approach.
]]> Tue, 20 May 2008 11:20:28 PST The Fibonacci Sequence in Nature http://www.scienceray.com/Mathematics/Examples-of-Fibonacci-Numbers-in-Nature.125307 I kept on researching over it on the net and wanted to see them by naked eyes. Everything I read was completely true and the realm was really amazing. This is a list of Fibonacci numbers in nature. I believe that some of the facts will astonish you.

The distribution of seeds in sunflower is spiral. The seeds of the sunflower spiral outwards in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions from the center of the flower. The number of clockwise and counterclockwise spirals are two consecutive numbers in the Fibonacci sequence.

The shells of the snails follow the Fibonacci sequence. In the same way, the shells of the nautilus follow the same rule. The only difference between these two is that nautilus' shells grow in a three-dimensional spiral, whereas snails' shells grow in a two-dimensional spiral.

Pine cones are one of the well-known examples of Fibonacci sequence. All cones grow in spirals, starting from the base where the stalk was, and going round and round the sides until they reach the top.

Another notable example is human body.In human body, the ratio of the length of forearm to the length of the hand is equal to 1.618, that is, Golden Ratio. Another well-known examples on human body are:

  1. The ratio between the length and width of face
  2. Ratio of the distance between the lips and where the eyebrows meet to the length of nose
  3. Ratio of the length of mouth to the width of nose
  4. Ratio of the distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head to the head length
  5. Ratio of the distance between the navel and knee to the distance between the knee and the end of the foot
  6. Ratio of the distance between the finger tip and the elbow to the distance between the wrist and the elbow

The same sequence exists on the leaves of poplar, cherry, apple, plum, oak and linden trees.

]]> Sat, 17 May 2008 09:19:24 PST 13 Amazing Facts About Animals World http://www.scienceray.com/Biology/Zoology/13-Amazing-Facts-About-Animals-World.122206 Every creature, as the art of the God, keep secrets and miracles inside it. We, as human, are the only creature who has an ability to thinking. Various animal kinds have different features to survive in wild nature. Some of them are discovered by scientists in the history. However, I believe there are many secrets of animals which have not been discovered yet. I have been researching on animals and noting whatever I've found interesting. After years, I've discovered many secrets of them which you don't know yet.This is a great list of amazing facts of animals.

1. Dolphins sleep with one eye open

2. Crocodiles are blind in the water but very keen of sight in the air.

3. Crocodiles are color-blind.

4. Owls are the only bird that can see the color blue.

5. Unlike all other insects, flies have five eyes. They have two large eyes and three smaller eyes between them.

6. Snails have four noses.

7. Giraffes have no vocal chords

8. The tongues of chameleons are as long as it's body or even longer. Some chameleon types have a tongue longer than two times of it's body. 9. The tongues of chameleons are faster than a fighter jet.

10. The eyes of ostrich's are bigger than their brains.

11. An ant can lift fifty times of it's own weight

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12. A cockroach can survive without it's head for nine days. At the end of nine day, it dies because of hunger.

13. A tarantula can survive for more than two years without food.

]]> Sat, 10 May 2008 08:29:55 PST Nuclear Power Stations http://www.scienceray.com/Technology/Engineering/Nuclear-Power-Stations.119468 There is strong opposition to erecting any nuclear power stations,partly because they themselves may be dangerous,partly because of radioactive waste,but mainly because they produce materials which could be used in nuclear weapons,perhaps by terrorists.It is nuclear war,which could exterminate mankind,which is the great danger.It can be argued that most countries could build nuclear bombs whether or not the nuclear power industry expands,and that mankind might as well derive the maximum benefit from this source of energy,remembering that if it works as planned it causes far less pollution than does the use of foil fussels.

However,the larger the number of power stations,the greater the risk of an accident,with the release of a dangerous amount of radiation.It seems likely that with an enormous number of these installations in all countries,it will be difficult to ensure that all observe the type of precaution at present in force in the few existing stations,particularly with regard to the disposal of radioactive waste.Thus although nuclear power has,so far,done little harm,in the long run it might well be the most dangerous form of man-made pollution.

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